Plagiarism

Papers submitted to the Al-Lahjah : Jurnal Pendidikan, Bahasa Arab dan Kajian Linguistik Arab will be screened for plagiarism using Turnitin. The similarity index of paper for reviewing process is not more than 20 percent.

All authors are suggested to use plagiarism detection software to do the similarity checking before submitting their manuscript to the journal.

Artificial Intelligence

The BJD follows COPE’s policy that artificial intelligence (AI) tools, such as ChatGPT, cannot be a named author. These tools?can neither meet the requirements for?authorship?as defined by the ICMJE criteria nor declare conflicts of interest, sign off copyright and licence agreements or take public responsibility.

AI in Scientific Writing

AI can be used to improve the readability and language of an article but not for collecting, analysing or interpreting data. We will be requesting that all authors declare ‘Artificial Intelligence disclosure’ statement in all papers from 1 August 2025 just as we have funding or conflict disclosure.

If AI tools have been used to assist with writing the paper, please add it to the ‘Artificial Intelligence disclosure’ statement and provide further details in the Materials and Methods section of the paper, including what tool and which version of the tool was used, how and where it was used, and the exact prompts used.

To protect confidentiality of an article, no part of any unpublished research submitted to the journal should be entered into any large language model by authors or peer reviewers.

Authors are responsible for the content of their manuscript, even those parts produced by an AI tool, and are thus liable for any breach of publication ethics.? As such any content created or edited by AI should be carefully reviewed.

AI in Image Creation

AI should not be used to create images/figures or graphical abstracts as it can cause copyright issues if the tool uses images from the internet without proper attribution. AI tools can be used to provide inspiration or suggest concepts for images, but these images must be created by the authors.

An exception to this would be images explicitly cited in content focused on AI. These will be assessed individually on a case-by-case basis and must be clearly labelled as AI-generated in the figure legend and also mention the tool, version used to generate the image.

AI in Plain Language Summaries

Authors can check the readability and language of their Plain Language Summary (PLS) using an AI tool. A range of free tools are available online that can do this, for example Hemingway or The First Word. The reading level of the final PLS should be around the age of 14-15 (Grade/Year 9).

If AI suggestions are used to improve the PLS then its use must be declared in an Artificial Intelligence disclosure statement in the article. An unpublished article should not be uploaded into an LLM to write a PLS.

AI in Peer Review

Reviewers play a vital role in upholding the quality and integrity of our journals. We ask that reviewers do not upload any manuscripts into any generative AI tool as they may not be up to date, and it would breach copyright and confidentiality. AI can be used to help improve the readability and language of your review but should not be used to generate the review itself. If you use AI for peer review to help improve the language, then please declare how you have used it in the Comments to Editor section of the peer review form.

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