AI Policy

For Authors
Authors may use Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies in the preparation of their manuscripts solely to enhance readability, refine language, or assist with preliminary research layout. However, AI tools cannot replace the original thinking, critical analysis, or intellectual contributions of the author. Authors remain fully responsible and accountable for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of their work, including all conclusions and references provided in the article. AI tools cannot be listed as an author or co-author.

For Reviewer
Reviewers must treat all manuscripts received for review as strictly confidential documents. Uploading a manuscript, or any portion of it, into public or commercial Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools (such as ChatGPT, Claude, or other LLMs) is strictly prohibited, as it violates author confidentiality and intellectual property rights.

The core value of peer review lies in expert human judgment, critical thinking, and domain-specific knowledge. AI tools cannot substitute for a reviewer's independent critical evaluation. Reviewers are strictly forbidden from using AI tools to generate review reports, write evaluation comments, analyze data, or formulate recommendations (Accept, Minor Revision, Major Revision, or Reject).

Reviewers may only use AI tools for basic language refinement or grammar checking of their own written feedback, provided that no confidential text or data from the manuscript is entered into the AI software. Reviewers are fully accountable for the accuracy, tone, and validity of their review reports. Any feedback provided to the editor and authors must reflect the reviewer’s own analysis and expertise. If an AI tool was used to assist in refining the language or formatting of the review report, the reviewer must explicitly disclose its use to the handling editor upon submitting the review. AI tools carry no legal or academic standing and cannot be listed, credited, or cited as a co-reviewer or contributor to the peer-review process.

For Editor
Editorial Board members are permitted to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Large Language Model (LLM) tools solely as assistive technology for language editing, proofreading, improving readability, formatting consistency, and handling routine administrative communications. AI tools carry no legal or academic responsibility. All editorial oversight, critical evaluation of manuscripts, and final decisions (Accept, Revise, or Reject) remain the sole and independent responsibility of the Editor.

Editors are strictly prohibited from using AI to conduct substantive manuscript evaluations, assess scientific novelty, or generate automated editorial decisions. Editors must not upload unpublished manuscripts, in whole or in part, to public or third-party AI platforms that retain user data or train models on user inputs. This is essential to protect the author's copyright, intellectual property, and data privacy. AI tools cannot be listed or credited as an Editor, Co-Editor, Peer-Reviewer, or Author within the journal's publication system.